Iyi ngingo yasubiwemwo hakurikijwe uburyo n’ingingo ngenderwako vy’ubuhinga bwa none vya Science X. Abanditsi barashimikiye kuri izo kamere zikurikira mu gihe bariko barazigama ko ibirimwo ari ukuri:
Umwuka w'ikirere (CO2) ni umutungo w'ingenzi ku buzima bwo kw'isi kandi ni umwuka w'inzu y'icatsi kibisi utera ubushuhe kw'isi. Muri iki gihe, abahinga bariko bariga umwuka w’ikirere nk’ikintu ciza co guhingura amakara ashobora gusubirwamwo, adakoresha cane umwuka w’ikirere be n’ibintu vy’agaciro kanini vy’imiti.
Ingorane abashakashatsi bafise ni ukumenya uburyo bwiza kandi butazimvye bwo guhindura umwuka w’ikirere mu bihimba vy’umubiri vy’agaciro kanini nk’umuyagankuba w’ikirere, methanol canke aside formique.
Ishirahamwe ry’abashakashatsi rirongowe na KK Neuerlin wo mu kigo c’igihugu kijejwe ivy’inguvu zishobora gusubirwamwo (NREL) hamwe n’abafatanyabikorwa bo mu kigo c’igihugu c’i Argonne n’ica Oak Ridge, bararonse umuti mwiza w’ico kibazo. Iryo tsinda ryateguye uburyo bwo guhindura aside formique ivuye mu mwuka w’ikirere ukoresheje amashanyarazi ashobora gusubirwamwo afise inguvu nyinshi kandi ashobora gukomera.
Ico cigwa cari gifise umutwe uvuga ngo “Ubuhinga bwo gukoranya amabara y’umuyagankuba kugira ngo umuyagankuba uhinduke aside formique mu buryo bwiza,” carasohowe mu kinyamakuru kimwe (Nature Communications).
Asidi ya formique ni ikintu gishobora gukoreshwa mu bikorwa vyinshi, cane cane nk’igikoresho ca mbere mu bikorwa vy’imiti canke vy’ibinyabuzima. Asidi ya formique na yo nyene yaramenyekanye ko ari ikintu gikoreshwa mu gutunganya ibintu bifise ubuzima kugira ngo bibe amavuta y’indege asukuye.
Ihinduka ry’umuyagankuba rya CO2 rituma CO2 igabanywa ikaja mu bihimba vy’imiti nk’aside formique canke ama molecules nka éthylène iyo hakoreshejwe ubushobozi bw’umuyagankuba ku gice c’umuyagankuba.
Ishengero ry’ibihimba vy’umubiri (MEA) mu gikoresho co guhindura amazi (membrane-electrode) mu bisanzwe rigizwe n’ibihimba vy’umubiri bijana iyoni (ivyo bita cation canke anion exchange membrane) bishizwe hagati y’ibihimba bibiri vy’umubiri birimwo ikintu gitera umuyagankuba n’igikoresho gitwara iyoni.
Bakoresheje ubuhinga bw’iryo tsinda mu vy’ubuhinga bwo gukoresha amavuta n’ugukoresha umuyagankuba, barize imiterere myinshi ya MEA mu bikoresho vy’umuyagankuba kugira ngo bagereranye ukuntu CO2 igabanywa n’umuyagankuba n’aside formique.
Hashingiwe ku gusesangura ukunanirwa kw’imigero itandukanye, iyo ntumwa yararondeye gukoresha imipaka y’ibikoresho vyariho, cane cane ukubura kwanka iyon mu bihimba vy’ubuhinga bwo guhindura iyon, no kworohereza imiterere yose y’urutonde.
Ivyo KS Neierlin na Leiming Hu bo muri NREL bavumbuye vyari igikoresho co guhindura umuyagankuba ca MEA gikoresheje uruzitiro rushasha rwo guhindura ama kation. Iryo funguro ry’ibitobo ritanga uguhingura aside formique idahinduka kandi ihitamwo cane kandi ryorosha uguhingura hakoreshejwe ibihimba bitari ku ruhande.
Neierlin, uwundi yanditse muri iyo nyigisho, yavuze ati: “Ivyo vyavuye muri iyo nyigisho bigereranya ihinduka rikomeye mu bijanye n’uguhingura aside zifise ubuzima nk’aside formique.” “Ico gikoresho c’uruzitiro rutoboye kiragabanya uburemere bw’ibintu vyari vyarakozwe kera kandi kirashobora no gukoreshwa mu gutuma ibindi bikoresho bihindura umwuka w’ikirere bikoreshwa n’umuyagankuba bikoresha neza inguvu be n’ibikomera.”
Nk’uko bigenda ku bijanye n’iterambere iryo ari ryo ryose ry’ubuhinga, birahambaye gutahura ibintu bishobora gutuma umuntu agira amahera be n’uko yoshobora gukorwa mu vy’ubutunzi. Abashakashatsi ba NREL, Zhe Huang na Tao Ling, bakora mu nzego zitandukanye, barashize ahabona isesengura ry’ubuhinga n’ubutunzi ryerekana uburyo bwo gushika ku rugero rw’igiciro n’uburyo bwo gukora aside formique y’inganda z’ubu igihe igiciro c’amashanyarazi ashobora gusubirwamwo kiri ku masenti 2,3 canke munsi yayo ku kilowatt-hour.
Neierlin ati: “Iryo tsinda ryashitse kuri ivyo bihembo rikoresheje ibikoresho vy’ubudandaji n’ibikoresho vy’imitsi y’amazi, mu gihe bariko barahingura umugambi wa MEA ukoresha ubushobozi bwo gukoresha ibikoresho vy’ubuhinga bwa none vy’amakara n’ibikoresho vy’ubuhinga bwa none vy’amazi.”
“Ivyo ubwo bushakashatsi buzobona vyoshobora gutuma umwuka w’ikirere uhinduka amakara n’imiti hakoreshejwe amashanyarazi n’iyidrojene bishobora gusubirwamwo, ivyo bikaba bizotuma habaho ukwihutisha uguhindura ibikorwa vyo gutera imbere no kubigurisha.”
Ubuhinga bwo guhindura amashanyarazi ni ikintu nyamukuru muri porogarama ya NREL y’ama Electrons to Molecules, yibanda ku buhinga bushasha bushobora gusubirwamwo bw’ihydrogène, ivyuma bitagira amakara, ivyuma n’ibikoresho vyo gukoresha amashanyarazi.
Randy Cortright, umuyobozi w’ishirahamwe ry’ubuhinga ryitwa NREL ry’uguhindura ama electrons be n’ibindi bikoresho bishobora gukoreshwa mu guhingura amavuta y’ibinyabiziga, yavuze ati: “Iporogarama yacu iriko irarondera uburyo bwo gukoresha amashanyarazi ashobora gusubirwamwo kugira ngo duhindure ibintu nk’umuyagankuba n’amazi bibe ibintu bishobora gukoreshwa nk’inkomoko y’inguvu.” canke imiti.”
“Ubu bushakashatsi bwo guhindura ibintu bikoresheje ubuhinga bw’amashanyarazi buratanga ubuhinga bushasha bushobora gukoreshwa mu buryo butandukanye bwo guhindura ibintu bikoresheje ubuhinga bw’amashanyarazi, kandi turiteze ivyiza vyinshi biva muri iri tsinda.”
Ibindi bisobanuro: Leiming Hu n’abandi, Ubwubatsi bw’iteraniro ry’ibikoresho vy’amashanyarazi bishobora guhindura neza CO2 mu aside formique, Nature Communications (2023). DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43409-6.
Niwaba uhuye n'ikosa ryo kwandika, ukutagira ukuri, canke wipfuza gutanga ubusabe bwo guhindura ibirimwo kuri iyi paji, usabwe gukoresha uru fishi. Ku bibazo rusangi, usabwe gukoresha urupapuro rwacu rwo guhamagara. Kugira ngo ubone inyishu rusangi, koresha igice c’ivyiyumviro vya bose kiri aha hepfo (kurikiza amabwirizwa).
Inyishu zanyu ni ngirakamaro cane kuri twebwe. Ariko rero, kubera ubutumwa bwinshi cane, ntidushobora kwizera ko tuzoronka inyishu ibereye umuntu ku giti ciwe.
Aderesi yawe ya email ikoreshwa gusa mu kubwira abayirungitse iyo email. Nta n’iyindi ntumbero iyo ari yo yose, yaba aderesi yawe canke y’uwuzokwakira izokoreshwa. Amakuru winjiza azoboneka muri email yawe kandi ntazobikwa na Tech Xplore mu buryo ubwo ari bwo bwose.
Uru rubuga rukoresha amakuru y’ibanga (cookies) kugira ngo rufashe mu kugendagenda, rusuzume ingene ukoresha ibikorwa vyacu, rukusanyirize hamwe amakuru yerekeye ivy’amatangazo, kandi ruguhe ibintu biva ku bandi bantu. Niwakoresha urubuga rwacu, uba wemeye ko wasomye kandi utahura Amabwirizwa yacu yerekeye ubuzima bwite be n’Ivyagezwe vyerekeye Ikoreshwa ryacu.